A new method for water desalination using microbial desalination. Microbial desalination cells mdcs have attained substantial importance in the recent years. Previously mdcs used abiotic cathodes, which are restricted in application by high operating costs and low levels of sustainability whereas, in the present study, an aerobic biocathode consisting of carbon felt and. The recent techniques for desalination and wastewater treatment are energy intensive and unsustainable. In this progress article, bruce logan highlights recent. The key words used in literature search include microbial desalination cell, microbial electrochemical desalination, wastewater treatment using microbial desalination cell, and optimization of microbial desalination cell. C catalyst was prepared by using nicarbazin ncb as the organic precursor through a sacrificial support method ssm. Over the last few years, the conventional threechamber. Mides microbialdesalination for low energy drinking water. Seawater could be a potential source of freshwater to manage the intensified demand of drinking water for new generations. Simultaneous water purification and energy production in a microbial desalination cell abdelsalam elawwad1, mostafa ragab1 1environmental engineering dept.
Microbial desalination cell mdc, a trifunctional modern technology, developed for the treatment of wastewater, desalination, and production of. The trifunctional purpose of microbial desalination cell mdc has shown a great promise in our current scarcity of water, an increase in water pollution and the high cost of electricity production. Use of a literscale microbial desalination cell as a platform to. A microbial desalination cell mdc is able to desalinate salt water without energy consumption whilst generating bioenergy. Advancing microbial desalination cell towards practical. Conventional desalination plant, municipal water supply and wastewater treatment system are among the most electricityintensive facilities. In search for sustainable and low cost desalination alternatives. A microbial fuel cell mfc, or microbial desalination cell, is a bio electrochemical system that drives an electric current by using bacteria and mimicking bacterial interactions found in nature. Paper open access study on a new algalinhibition based.
Its energy is supplied through microbial metabolism of organic materials. The microbial desalination cell mdc is a technology based on the microbial fuel cell mfc as a possible method to desalinate brine without energy demand 7. Final report microbial desalination fuel cell as a. Current water desalination techniques are energy intensive and some use membranes operated at high pressures. Microbial fuel cells mfcs use bacteria to convert organic waste material into electrical energy. Their presence in the anodic chamber of mdc systems enables the.
Therefore, an integrated and sustainable approach is essential to achieve costeffective desalination through wastewater treatment. Anions and cations, derived from salt solution filled in the desalination chamber between the anode and cathode, move to the anode and cathode chambers under the force of electrical field, respectively. Microbial desalination cell mdc, a trifunctional modern technology, developed for the treatment of wastewater, desalination, and production of electrical energy, was first proposed in 2009 by cao. Recently, advances in desali nation technology have led to the introduction of microbes in a process known as microbial desalination cells mdcs. Microbial desalination cell mdc is a new method to obtain clean water from brackish water using electricity generated from organic matters by exoelectrogenic bacteria. Microbial desalination cells mdc is one of the methods used in salt water desalination process. In this study, the longterm operation 5500 h performance of a biocathode mdc was investigated in which the power density. Mdc technology can be used for applications such as sea water. Microbial desalination cell mdc is the integration of a mfc and an electrodialysis ed cell in order to treat wastewater and desalinate seawater.
Throughout its development trend, the use of microbial desalination cell in the. A new method for water desalination using microbial. Nov 28, 2016 microbial desalination cell mdc is a new method of desalination. Microbial desalination cell mdc that adds the function of desalination to the mfcs existing ability to generate electricity directly from cellulosic feedstocks. Using bacterial catalyst in the cathode of microbial. A microbial desalination cell mdc is a new method to reduce the salinity of one solution while generating electrical power from organic matter and bacteria in another anode solution. Microbial fuel cells mfcs are devices that use living microbes as catalysts for the conversion of organic fuels into electricity, and these devices have recently attracted extensive attention as sustainable bioenergy systems. This process provides a driving force through microbial metabolism of organic matter rahimnejad et al. Pdf photosynthetic microbial desalination cells pmdcs for. In this study, synthetic samples were provided with concentration of 25, 50, 75, 100 mgl ni and pb. A microbial desalination cell mdc is a biological electrochemical system that implements the use of electroactive bacteria to power desalination of water in situ, resourcing the natural anode and cathode gradient of the electroactive bacteria and thus creating an internal supercapacitor. It is shown here that water desalination can be accomplished without electrical energy input or high water pressure by using a source of organic matter as the fuel to desalinate water. Pdf using microbial desalination cells to reduce water.
This environmentallyfriendly process produces electricity without the combustion of fossil fuels. Mfc systems can be applied to the generation of electricity at watersediment interfaces in the environ. In this study, desalination rate, organic matter removal and energy production in the reactors with and without desalination function were compared. Microbial desalination cell mdc has emerged as a promising technique to capture the chemical energy stored in wastewater directly for desalination, which has the potential to solve the high energy consumption issue in desalination industry as well as. Frontiers comparative performance of microbial desalination. Stacked microbial desalination cells to enhance water desalination efficiency. Analysis of longterm performance and microbial community. The proposal objective is to design a microbial desalination fuel cell mdfc as a pretreatment to the current seawater desalination plant that will provide sustainable freshwater supply for human consumption at minimal energy cost. Due to free energy requirements and environmentally friendly technologies, mdc. It produces electricity energy while removing contaminants or desalination 45. An energyefficient and sustainable, microbial electrolysis.
Pdf microbial desalination cells mdcs are bioelectrochemical tools which exploit organic matter in wastewater to use as an energy source. Microbial desalination cell mdc is a new method of desalination. In addition, mdc technology has been proposed as pre. Mar 30, 2009 the use of microbial fuel cells to generate electrical current is increasingly being seen as a viable source of renewable energy production. A conventional mdc is a threechamber system with ionexchange membranes iems, which has a desalination chamber in the middle, as described in figure 1. Study of the desalination efficiency for different. Microbial desalination cell mdc represents an innovative technology which accomplishes simultaneous desalination and wastewater treatment without external energy input. By using the energy provided by the oxidation of organic matter, contained in the wastewater, this system drives the. Microbial desalination cell mdc, however, can achieve wastewater treatment, desalination for fresh water production, and energy generation simultaneously.
A first guided tour of the sights and sounds of the microbial desalination cell in operation at the mides. Pdf photosynthetic microbial desalination cells pmdcs. Stacked microbial desalination cells to enhance water. Using microbial desalination cells to reduce water salinity. A microbial desalination cell mdc is derived from the integration of an mfc and electrodialysis process. The caspian sea is one of the largest water sources located in the north of iran. Paper open access study on a new algalinhibition based on. Mdc emerged from the microbial fuel cell mfc and electrodialysis had recently received a significant consideration for desalination and wastewater treatment as an environmentally friendly technology. The first mfcs, demonstrated in the early 20th century, used a mediator. Logan department of civil and environmental engineering, the pennsylvania state university, university park, pennsylvania 16802, united states received july 28, 2010. Pdf fundamentals of microbial desalination cell researchgate. Microbial desalination cell is a device that uses microbes to degrade organic matter and convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Performance of exoelectrogenic bacteria used in microbial.
Essay about microbial desalination cells 1293 words bartleby. However, current mdc systems transfer salts to the treated wastewater and affect wastewaters beneficial use. Pdf the microbial desalination cell mdc is a newlydeveloped technology which integrates the microbial fuel cell mfc process and electrodialysis. Mfcs have various practical applications such as in breweries, domestic wastewater treatment, desalination plants, hydrogen production, remote sensing, and pollution remediation, and they can be used as. Desalination and power generation of caspian sea by. Microbial desalination cells mdcs are modified mi crobial fuel cells. The mdc produced a maximum of 2 wm 2 31 wm3 while at the same time removing about 90% of the salt in a single desalination cycle.
Comparative performance of microbial desalination cells. Microbial desalination cell pilot convergence industry b. Substantial reductions in the salinity can require much larger volumes of the anode solution than the saline water, but any reduction of salinity will benefit the energy efficiency of a downstream reverse. Removal efficiency of nickel and lead from industrial. The microbial desalination cell mdc is a newlydeveloped technology which integrates the microbial fuel cell mfc process and. A microbial fuel cell was modified by placing two membranes between the anode and cathode, creating a. Configurations, optimization and applications, abstract seawater could be a potential source of freshwater to manage the intensified demand of drinking water for new generations. Removal efficiency of each metal was analyzed after 60, 90, 120 min, psychrophilic, mesophilic, thermophilic and 34, 45, 56 mgl dissolved oxygen. Advancing microbial desalination cell towards practical applications qingyun ping abstract public water and energy are the worlds most valuable resources. To better understand such processes, we propose the development of an anoxic biocathode microbial desalination cell for the conversion of carbon and nitrogenrich wastewaters. Enhancing biodegradation and energy generation via.
Microbial electrodialysis cell for simultaneous water desalination and hydrogen gas production maha mehanna, patrick d. Read all news and events this project has received funding from the european unions horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. Sustainable desalination using a microbial capacitive. Anoxicbiocathode microbial desalination cell as a new. The recent emerging technology, microbial desalination cell mdc, however, can achieve wastewater treatment, desalination for fresh water production, and energy generation simultaneously.
A microbiologist is a specialist in microbiology and these related topics. The microbial desalination cell mdc is a newlydeveloped technology which integrates the microbial fuel cell mfc process and electrodialysis for wastewater treatment, water desalination and. Compared with an abiotic cathode mdc, an aerobic biocathode mdc is more sustainable and is less expensive to operate. Kipt kharkov institute of physics llnl lawrence livermore national laboratory mbest monterey bay education science and technology center mec microbial electrolysis cell meds microbial electrolysisdeionization system. Substantial reductions in the salinity can require much larger volumes of the anode solution than the saline water. The main focus of the logan lab is the development of new renewable energy technologies, such as microbial fuel cells, thermally regenerated batteries, and concentration difference cells, for achieving an energy sustainable water infrastructure. A microbial desalination cell mdc could desalinate salt water without energy consumption and simultaneously generate bioenergy. Abdulsalamalhadidi fujifilm manufacturing europe b. Using microbial desalination cells to reduce water. This technology uses the organic contaminants present in wastewater or biomass as the energy source. An integrated potentiostat measures the generated power. The recent discovery of microbial desalination cells mdc has drawn great attention because it provides.
It produces electricity energy while removing contaminants or desalination45. Mdc is briefly composed of an anode compartment, a desalination compartment and a cathode compartment. Dwpr desalination and water purification research ewp removal of tds using ewp from synthetic water. Mdc technology could be employed to provide freshwater with lowenergy input, for example, in remote areas where organic wastes i. Bioelectrochemical systems are emerging as a promising and friendly alternative to convert the energy stored in wastewater directly into electricity by microorganisms and utilize it in situ to drive desalination. This chapter discusses microbial desalination cell mdc technology for removal of salinity in water, electricity generation, and wastewater management. The potency of threechambered microbial desalination cells. Microbial electrodialysis cell for simultaneous water. Mar 25, 2020 to better understand such processes, we propose the development of an anoxic biocathode microbial desalination cell for the conversion of carbon and nitrogenrich wastewaters into bioenergy and to perform salt removal. Nov 23, 2015 a microbial desalination cell mdc could desalinate salt water without energy consumption and simultaneously generate bioenergy.
This process is similar to water electrodialysis but uses bacteria as the source of energy rather than an external source. The use of microbial fuel cells to generate electrical current is increasingly being seen as a viable source of renewable energy production. They provide a medium for the study of complex microbial systems like those encountered in ruminant production, as well as the opportunity for developing novel approaches to altering the dynamics within those systems. Enhancing biodegradation and energy generation via roughened. In this work, the electrodes of a microbial desalination cell mdc are.
A revolutionary new method called mdcs microbial desalination cells could potentially desalinate water and produce energy depending on the design or set up of the cell. This method depends on the bioelectrochemical systems, the reactor is called microbial desalination cell mdc. Microbial desalination cell for low energy drinking water. Essay about microbial desalination cells 1293 words. Microbial desalination cell outline various mdc configurations background stack mdc biocathode mdc ionexchange coupled mdc capacitive mdc introduction to microbial desalination cell mdc various mdc configurations pretreatment alternatives and evaluation. Mdcs integrate microbial fuel cells mfc and electrodialysis processes in an energysustainable way.
The microbial desalination cell mdc is known as a newly developed technology for water and wastewater treatment. Exoelectrogenic bacteria that power microbial fuel cells. Water quality water quality is a term used to describe the chemical. Microbial desalination cell mdc has been developed for removing water salinity, electricity generation, and wastewater management. All of these methods improve power generation potential in mdcs, however, they are not preferable for large scale applications due to cost, energy and environmental toxicity issues. Microbial desalination cells mdcs use the electrical current generated by microbes to simultaneously treat wastewater, desalinate water, and produce bioenergy. The microbial desalination cell mdc technology combines the microbial fuel cell mfc and electrodialysis ed process to simultaneously treat wastewater, desalinate saline water and produce electricity. The high energy consumption and environmental impacts of present desalination process has put mounts pressure to search for alternative desalination techniques. Additional research areas include electrochemical desalination and ammonia removal and recovery. Microbial fuel cells are a developing technology that has been utilized for studying microbial physiology in terms of electron and proton transfer 46.
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